weighted score 6.2 · nine dimensions
Country Risk Profile
Russia
Sourcing risk, regulatory exposure and audit intelligence for Russia-origin supply chains.
Forced & child labour
5
Tier 3 TIP ranking. Forced labour documented in construction and agriculture. Wartime labour conditions in military-industrial complex. Migrant worker vulnerability from Central Asia.
Worker rights & FOA
6
ILO C087 ratified but implementation suppressed. Independent unions effectively banned. Wartime mobilisation further restricts labour rights and worker mobility.
OHS & audit transparency
5
Audit access impossible under sanctions regime. No credible third-party verification available. Wartime conditions prevent any independent assessment of factory conditions.
Food & product safety
4
Rosstandart certification system functional pre-war. Current product safety standards difficult to verify. Food exports to EU largely prohibited under sanctions.
Environmental & regulatory
3
EUDR high-risk classification. Environmental monitoring weakened by wartime priorities. Oil spill response and environmental compliance deteriorating.
Governance & anti-corruption
9
TI CPI 2025: 22/100. Systemic corruption across government and military. State capture of judiciary. Rule of law severely compromised. VAT raised to 22%.
Tariff & preferential access
9
Comprehensive EU sanctions eliminate all preferential trade access. Import bans on major commodity categories. No functioning trade agreement framework with EU.
Non-tariff barriers
9
Full sanctions regime creates absolute non-tariff barriers. Financial transaction restrictions (SWIFT disconnection). Insurance and shipping restrictions. Anti-circumvention enforcement active.
Supply chain traceability
6
Russia stopped publishing trade and oil data. Supply chain traceability effectively impossible. Third-country re-export creates circumvention risk requiring enhanced due diligence.
Labour & Social Risk
Labour & Social Risk
- Forced labour risk
- Documented forced labour in construction, agriculture, and manufacturing sectors. Migrant workers from Central Asia particularly vulnerable. US Department of State TIP Report consistently ranks Russia as Tier 3.
- Worker rights
- Independent trade unions are suppressed. ILO C087 (Freedom of Association) ratified but implementation severely limited. Labour inspections weakened since 2022 wartime mobilisation.
- Wartime labour conditions
- Military-industrial complex operating with extended shifts and restricted worker mobility. Convict labour used in frontline and military production roles. Labour market severely distorted by wartime mobilisation.
- ILAB status
- Russia listed on ILAB List of Goods Produced by Child or Forced Labor for pornography. Broader forced labour concerns in extractive and construction sectors.
EU Regulatory Exposure
EU Regulatory Exposure
- Sanctions regime
- Comprehensive EU sanctions packages (14+ rounds since February 2022) covering energy, finance, technology, transport, and luxury goods. Import bans on Russian oil, coal, steel, gold, diamonds, and wood products.
- EUDR exposure
- Russia classified as high-risk under EUDR. Russian timber and wood products subject to enhanced due diligence. Practical sourcing of EUDR-regulated commodities from Russia is effectively prohibited by sanctions.
- CBAM exposure
- CBAM applies to Russian steel, aluminium, cement, and fertiliser exports. However, most of these categories are already subject to EU import bans under sanctions packages.
- Anti-circumvention
- EU actively monitoring third-country re-export of Russian-origin goods. Central Asian and Caucasus states under scrutiny for sanctions circumvention. Anti-circumvention measures tightened in 2024-2025.
Logistics & Supply Chain
Logistics & Supply Chain
- Primary export corridor
- Baltic Sea ports (St Petersburg, Ust-Luga) and Black Sea ports (Novorossiysk) historically served EU trade. Most routes now sanctioned or commercially unviable.
- Shipping restrictions
- EU port access banned for Russian-flagged vessels. Insurance and P&I club restrictions on Russian oil tankers. Shadow fleet of older tankers operating outside Western insurance framework.
- Oil price cap
- G7/EU oil price cap of $60/barrel on Russian crude. Urals crude trading at $20+/barrel discount to Brent. Russian oil redirected to India, China, and Turkey.
- Trade data opacity
- Russia stopped publishing detailed trade and oil production data since 2022. Supply chain visibility effectively zero for EU compliance purposes.