EU member state. Compliance scores reflect the regulatory advantages of EU single market membership and are not directly comparable to non-EU sourcing countries.
weighted score 1.9 · nine dimensions
Country Risk Profile
Spain
Sourcing risk, regulatory exposure and audit intelligence for Spain-origin supply chains.
Forced & child labour
2
EU member state with comprehensive labour protections. No documented systemic forced labour. No ILAB listings.
Worker rights & FOA
2
All ILO core conventions ratified. Strong trade union presence. ITUC rating 2. Collective bargaining well-established.
OHS & audit transparency
2
Full audit access. EU OHS directive framework applies. Well-established third-party audit infrastructure.
Food & product safety
2
EU food safety framework (EFSA). RASFF system integrated. CE marking for industrial products. Strong regulatory enforcement.
Environmental & regulatory
2
EU ETS participant. EU environmental directives fully transposed. Renewables leader with over 50% electricity from renewable sources in 2024.
Governance & anti-corruption
3
TI CPI 2025: ~60. Multiple ongoing corruption probes at regional and national level. Sanchez government surviving but weakened after Junts withdrew support Oct 2025.
Tariff & preferential access
1
EU single market member. Zero tariffs on intra-EU trade. Full access to EU FTA network covering 70+ countries.
Non-tariff barriers
1
No non-tariff barriers for intra-EU trade. CE marking, REACH compliance integrated. Mutual recognition of standards.
Supply chain traceability
2
EU traceability frameworks apply. Strong regulatory infrastructure. Transparent business environment with established audit culture.
Labour & Social Risk
Labour & Social Risk
- Forced labour risk
- Very low. Spain is an EU member state with comprehensive labour protections under national and EU law. No documented systemic forced labour concerns.
- Worker rights
- ILO core conventions ratified. ITUC Global Rights Index: 2 (repeated violations). Freedom of association and collective bargaining are legally protected and functioning. Strong trade union presence particularly in automotive and public sectors.
- Audit environment
- Full transparency. SMETA, BSCI, and SA8000 audits operate without restriction. Spain has well-established third-party audit infrastructure.
- ILAB status
- No goods listed on US Department of Labor List of Goods Produced by Child or Forced Labor.
EU Regulatory Exposure
EU Regulatory Exposure
- Single market
- Full EU single market member. No tariffs, no customs declarations for intra-EU trade. CE marking, REACH, and all EU product regulations apply directly.
- EUDR exposure
- Spain has significant olive oil, fruit, and vegetable production. EUDR-regulated commodities (cattle products, soy for feed) are present but primarily sourced from third countries for processing.
- EU Forced Labour Regulation
- Regulation (EU) 2024/3015 applies from December 2027. Very low risk of investigation for Spanish-origin goods given EU labour standards framework.
- CBAM
- As an EU member state, Spanish producers are within the EU ETS. CBAM does not apply to intra-EU trade.
Logistics & Supply Chain
Logistics & Supply Chain
- Primary corridor
- Intra-EU road and rail. Mediterranean shipping via Barcelona, Valencia, and Algeciras ports.
- Key ports
- Valencia (largest container port in the Mediterranean), Barcelona, Algeciras (major transhipment hub).
- Transit time
- Road freight to Central Europe: 2-3 days. Maritime to Northwest Europe: 4-6 days.
- Scope 3 relevance
- Short intra-EU distances result in low transport emissions relative to Asian or African sourcing alternatives.