EU member state. Compliance scores reflect the regulatory advantages of EU single market membership and are not directly comparable to non-EU sourcing countries.
Europe
Luxembourg
EU Compliance · Geopolitical Risk · Sourcing Attractiveness · Intra-EU Risk
Why these scores
EU Compliance, by dimension
1 = lowest risk · methodology & sources
Geopolitical Risk, by dimension
1 = lowest risk · methodology & sources
Attractiveness, by dimension
9 = most attractive · methodology & sources
Analyst scores, last reviewed June 2026; each dimension's sources and cadence are on its methodology page.
Data layers
Luxembourg on the world stage
Total imports
$24.9bn
2024 annual
Total exports
$15.6bn
227 partners
#1 import source
Germany
23.7%
#1 export dest.
Germany
24.9%
2024 annual, UN Comtrade (HS TOTAL, all partners). Line colour: coverage (exports/imports per partner).
Intra-EU trade: Luxembourg
EU imports from
€15.8bn
intra-EU flow
EU exports to
€22.9bn
intra-EU flow
Intra-EU rank
#51
by import value
EU trade balance
balanced or surplus
coverage 1.44
2025 annual totals, Eurostat COMEXT.
Electricity & grid
National sources · carbon from Ember
Industrial
194
EUR/MWh
Consumer
154
EUR/MWh, all-in
Grid carbon
135
gCO₂e/kWh
Renewables
98%
of generation
Wholesale 78 EUR/MWh · market market
Power market
● Import dependenceMarket model
Liberalised wholesale market (EPEX SPOT)
Direct PPA
Allowed
grid access: open
Reserve margin
–
Regulator
Independent
ILR (Institut Luxembourgeois de Regulation)
Tiny domestic generation capacity means Luxembourg imports approximately 85% of its electricity, almost entirely from Germany, Belgium, and France. The country is essentially a price-taker on the Central European…
Tracked infrastructure
7 wind farms
116 MW · 2 building
1 hydro plants
1.3 GW
Operating assets tracked by Global Energy Monitor (CC BY 4.0); counts are tracked facilities, not exhaustive totals. Energy overview →
Metal mining
Tagged mines
19
none in the merged layer
Acid-drainage prone
1
high water-risk ore class
Main commodities
Iron, Zinc
Mine-water verifiability
Independent ambient only
EU member: EEA Waterbase ambient; E-PRTR facility releases
Water risk is inferred from the ore class, not site measurements. Global mines: full layer →
Intra-EU sourcing risk
EU · 1 = lowest riskDemographics
UN World Population Prospects 2024 · medium variant
Median age
39.2
→ 45.6 by 2050
Fertility
1.4
below replacement
Working-age
68.7%
aged 15–64
Old-age dep.
22.5
→ 42.9 by 2050
Median age 1990–2050
Population 0.67M · peaks 2061
By 2050: +18% (0.79M)