← Country index

Caribbean

Cuba

EU Compliance · Geopolitical Risk · Sourcing Attractiveness

EU Compliance

lower score = lower risk

6.0

Geopolitical Risk

lower score = lower risk

4.8

Sourcing Attractiveness

higher score = more attractive

2.9

Why these scores

EU Compliance, by dimension

Forced & child labour5
Worker rights & FOA7
OHS & audit transparency6
Food & product safety5
Environmental & regulatory4
Governance & anti-corruption6
Tariff & preferential access7
Non-tariff barriers7
Supply chain traceability7

1 = lowest risk · methodology & sources

Geopolitical Risk, by dimension

Geopolitical conflict3
Supplier concentration2
Climate & physical risk4
Sanctions exposure8
Policy continuity & property rights7

1 = lowest risk · methodology & sources

Attractiveness, by dimension

Labour cost competitiveness8
Supply base depth2
Logistics & infrastructure2
Workforce skills5
Scalability3
Ease of doing business1
Trade access & tariffs1
Sustainability baseline1
Innovation & IP3
Quality standards3

9 = most attractive · methodology & sources

Analyst scores, last reviewed June 2026; each dimension's sources and cadence are on its methodology page.

Data layers

Cuba and the EU

EU imports from

€258m

0.0% of extra-EU

EU exports to

€1.2bn

0.0% of extra-EU

EU supplier rank

EU's #136 supplier

EU trade balance

balanced or surplus

coverage 4.61

2025 annual totals, Eurostat COMEXT. EU trade board →

Electricity & grid

National sources · carbon from Ember · estimated

Electricity costs →

Industrial

7

EUR/MWh

Consumer

6

EUR/MWh, all-in

Grid carbon

639

gCO₂e/kWh

Renewables

of generation

regulated market

Power market

Conflict / governance collapse

Market model

State monopoly (UNE, crisis conditions)

Direct PPA

None

grid access: closed

Reserve margin

Regulator

Not independent

No independent regulator

Collapse-level crisis with daily blackouts of 8-12 hours. Ageing Soviet-era oil-fired fleet, sanctions limiting fuel imports, near-zero investment, and a state monopoly (UNE) that cannot maintain existing infrastructure,…

Power markets: full layer →

Tracked infrastructure

0 wind farms

capacity n/a · 3 building

2 solar farms

62 MW · 2 building

Operating assets tracked by Global Energy Monitor (CC BY 4.0); counts are tracked facilities, not exhaustive totals. Energy overview →

Metal mining

Tagged mines

4

1 production-backed

Acid-drainage prone

4

high water-risk ore class

Main commodities

Nickel, Copper

Mine-water verifiability

Blind spot

academic bay studies only

Water risk is inferred from the ore class, not site measurements. Global mines: full layer →

Demographics

UN World Population Prospects 2024 · medium variant

ASEAN demographics →

Median age

41.9

→ 49.9 by 2050

Fertility

1.45

below replacement

Working-age

68.1%

aged 15–64

Old-age dep.

24.3

→ 52 by 2050

Median age 1990–2050

Population 11M · peaks 2024

By 2050: -15% (9.38M)