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Southern Africa

Eswatini

EU Compliance · Geopolitical Risk · Sourcing Attractiveness

EU Compliance

lower score = lower risk

5.2

Geopolitical Risk

lower score = lower risk

3.8

Sourcing Attractiveness

higher score = more attractive

3.3

Why these scores

EU Compliance, by dimension

Forced & child labour5
Worker rights & FOA6
OHS & audit transparency5
Food & product safety4
Environmental & regulatory4
Governance & anti-corruption9
Tariff & preferential access3
Non-tariff barriers5
Supply chain traceability6

1 = lowest risk · methodology & sources

Geopolitical Risk, by dimension

Geopolitical conflict4
Supplier concentration3
Climate & physical risk4
Sanctions exposure1
Policy continuity & property rights7

1 = lowest risk · methodology & sources

Attractiveness, by dimension

Labour cost competitiveness7
Supply base depth3
Logistics & infrastructure3
Workforce skills3
Scalability4
Ease of doing business3
Trade access & tariffs3
Sustainability baseline3
Innovation & IP1
Quality standards3

9 = most attractive · methodology & sources

Analyst scores, last reviewed June 2026; each dimension's sources and cadence are on its methodology page.

Data layers

The EU is Eswatini's #3 import source (world lens). Eswatini is the EU's #151 goods supplier.

Eswatini on the world stage

Eswatini$2.0bn total importsSouth Africa73.8% · $1.5bnChina7.6% · $154mEU-274.6% · $94mIndia3.5% · $72mUS1.6% · $32mUSA1.5% · $32mMozambique1.2% · $25mASEAN-60.7% · $13mJapan0.6% · $12m

Total imports

$2.0bn

2023 annual

Total exports

$2.1bn

160 partners

#1 import source

South Africa

73.8%

#1 export dest.

South Africa

67.5%

2023 annual, UN Comtrade (HS TOTAL, all partners). Line colour: coverage (exports/imports per partner).

Eswatini and the EU

EU imports from

€57m

0.0% of extra-EU

EU exports to

€62m

0.0% of extra-EU

EU supplier rank

EU's #151 supplier

EU trade balance

balanced or surplus

coverage 1.10

2025 annual totals, Eurostat COMEXT. EU trade board →

Electricity & grid

National sources · carbon from Ember · estimated

Electricity costs →

Industrial

99

EUR/MWh

Consumer

140

EUR/MWh, all-in

Grid carbon

143

gCO₂e/kWh

Renewables

of generation

regulated market

Power market

Import dependence

Market model

State monopoly (EEC)

Direct PPA

None

grid access: closed

Reserve margin

Regulator

Not independent

ESERA (Eswatini Energy Regulatory Authority)

Imports roughly 70% of electricity from Eskom (South Africa) and Mozambique. Domestic generation is mostly small hydro. Entirely dependent on neighbours whose own grids are under stress.

Power markets: full layer →

Tracked infrastructure

1 coal mines

capacity n/a

Operating assets tracked by Global Energy Monitor (CC BY 4.0); counts are tracked facilities, not exhaustive totals. Energy overview →

Metal mining

Tagged mines

1

none in the merged layer

Acid-drainage prone

0

high water-risk ore class

Main commodities

Iron

Water risk is inferred from the ore class, not site measurements. Global mines: full layer →

Demographics

UN World Population Prospects 2024 · medium variant

ASEAN demographics →

Median age

22.2

→ 29.4 by 2050

Fertility

2.72

above replacement

Working-age

62.4%

aged 15–64

Old-age dep.

6.8

→ 10.9 by 2050

Median age 1990–2050

Population 1.24M · peaks 2063

By 2050: +22% (1.51M)