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EU member state. Compliance scores reflect the regulatory advantages of EU single market membership and are not directly comparable to non-EU sourcing countries.

Europe

France

EU Compliance · Geopolitical Risk · Sourcing Attractiveness · Intra-EU Risk

EU Compliance

lower score = lower risk

1.3

Geopolitical Risk

lower score = lower risk

2.4

Sourcing Attractiveness

higher score = more attractive

6.7

Intra-EU Risk

lower score = lower risk

3.1

Why these scores

EU Compliance, by dimension

Forced & child labour2
Worker rights & FOA2
OHS & audit transparency1
Food & product safety1
Environmental & regulatory1
Governance & anti-corruption2
Tariff & preferential access1
Non-tariff barriers1
Supply chain traceability1

1 = lowest risk · methodology & sources

Geopolitical Risk, by dimension

Geopolitical conflict2
Supplier concentration3
Climate & physical risk3
Sanctions exposure1
Policy continuity & property rights3

1 = lowest risk · methodology & sources

Attractiveness, by dimension

Labour cost competitiveness1
Supply base depth8
Logistics & infrastructure8
Workforce skills8
Scalability6
Ease of doing business6
Trade access & tariffs8
Sustainability baseline7
Innovation & IP7
Quality standards8

9 = most attractive · methodology & sources

Analyst scores, last reviewed June 2026; each dimension's sources and cadence are on its methodology page.

Data layers

France on the world stage

France$762.0bn total importsEU-2751.9% · $395.3bnGermany12.4% · $94.4bnChina10.2% · $77.8bnBelgium7.6% · $58.2bnUS7.5% · $57.5bnUSA7.5% · $57.5bnItaly7.3% · $55.8bnASEAN-62.8% · $21.2bnJapan1.3% · $9.6bn

Total imports

$762.0bn

2024 annual

Total exports

$646.0bn

234 partners

#1 import source

Germany

12.4%

#1 export dest.

Germany

13.2%

2024 annual, UN Comtrade (HS TOTAL, all partners). Line colour: coverage (exports/imports per partner).

Intra-EU trade: France

EU imports from

€329.0bn

intra-EU flow

EU exports to

€474.9bn

intra-EU flow

Intra-EU rank

#5

by import value

EU trade balance

balanced or surplus

coverage 1.44

2025 annual totals, Eurostat COMEXT.

Electricity & grid

National sources · carbon from Ember

Electricity costs →

Industrial

159

EUR/MWh

Consumer

202

EUR/MWh, all-in

Grid carbon

44

gCO₂e/kWh

Renewables

28%

of generation

Wholesale 58 EUR/MWh · market market

Power market

Take-or-pay / single-buyer lock-in

Market model

Liberalised wholesale market (EPEX SPOT)

Direct PPA

Allowed

grid access: open

Reserve margin

Regulator

Independent

Commission de regulation de l'energie (CRE)

France is locked into the costs of its nuclear fleet: ageing reactors require multi-billion-euro maintenance (stress corrosion cracking forced extended outages in 2022), while the Flamanville EPR ran a decade late and 4x…

Power markets: full layer →

Tracked infrastructure

1,190 wind farms

21.3 GW · 52 building

76 solar farms

3.1 GW · 7 building

56 nuclear plants

64.0 GW · 1 building

4 steel plants

11,850 ktpa

Operating assets tracked by Global Energy Monitor (CC BY 4.0); counts are tracked facilities, not exhaustive totals. Energy overview →

Metal mining

Tagged mines

146

none in the merged layer

Acid-drainage prone

27

high water-risk ore class

Main commodities

Gold, Zinc, Iron

Mine-water verifiability

Independent ambient only

EU member: EEA Waterbase + Naïades/eaufrance ambient (open);…

Water risk is inferred from the ore class, not site measurements. Global mines: full layer →

Intra-EU sourcing risk

EU · 1 = lowest risk
Governance & rule of law3
Labour standards enforcement3
Regulatory enforcement gap3
Supply chain transparency3
Political & EU-integration risk2
Payment & insolvency risk4
Logistics & Nordic connectivity4

Full intra-EU profile → · methodology

Monitored ports (18)

DunkerqueCalaisBoulogneDieppeLe HavreRouenCaenCherbourgSaint-MaloBrestLorientSaint-NazaireNantesLa RochelleBordeauxBayonneMarseilleSete

Source: IMF PortWatch. Port count reflects monitoring coverage, not economic significance.

Demographics

UN World Population Prospects 2024 · medium variant

ASEAN demographics →

Median age

42.1

→ 43.5 by 2050

Fertility

1.64

below replacement

Working-age

61.3%

aged 15–64

Old-age dep.

36.1

→ 48.5 by 2050

Median age 1990–2050

Population 66.5M · peaks 2095

By 2050: +3% (68.2M)