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Southeast Asia

Timor-Leste

EU Compliance · Geopolitical Risk · Sourcing Attractiveness

EU Compliance

lower score = lower risk

5.0

Geopolitical Risk

lower score = lower risk

3.0

Sourcing Attractiveness

higher score = more attractive

3.1

Why these scores

EU Compliance, by dimension

Forced & child labour5
Worker rights & FOA5
OHS & audit transparency5
Food & product safety5
Environmental & regulatory4
Governance & anti-corruption5
Tariff & preferential access5
Non-tariff barriers5
Supply chain traceability6

1 = lowest risk · methodology & sources

Geopolitical Risk, by dimension

Geopolitical conflict2
Supplier concentration3
Climate & physical risk5
Sanctions exposure1
Policy continuity & property rights4

1 = lowest risk · methodology & sources

Attractiveness, by dimension

Labour cost competitiveness8
Supply base depth2
Logistics & infrastructure2
Workforce skills3
Scalability4
Ease of doing business3
Trade access & tariffs3
Sustainability baseline3
Innovation & IP1
Quality standards2

9 = most attractive · methodology & sources

Analyst scores, last reviewed June 2026; each dimension's sources and cadence are on its methodology page.

Data layers

The EU is Timor-Leste's #8 import source (world lens). Timor-Leste is the EU's #169 goods supplier.

Timor-Leste on the world stage

Timor-Leste$909m total importsASEAN-650.4% · $458mIndonesia33.0% · $300mChina14.1% · $129mSingapore10.4% · $94mOther Asia, nes9.0% · $82mAustralia6.6% · $60mEU-272.9% · $26mUS2.3% · $21mJapan1.5% · $13m

Total imports

$909m

2023 annual

Total exports

$164m

111 partners

#1 import source

Indonesia

33.0%

#1 export dest.

China

46.6%

2023 annual, UN Comtrade (HS TOTAL, all partners). Line colour: coverage (exports/imports per partner).

Timor-Leste and the EU

EU imports from

€4m

0.0% of extra-EU

EU exports to

€13m

0.0% of extra-EU

EU supplier rank

EU's #169 supplier

EU trade balance

balanced or surplus

coverage 3.28

2025 annual totals, Eurostat COMEXT. EU trade board →

Electricity & grid

National sources · carbon from Ember · estimated

Electricity costs →

Industrial

EUR/MWh

Consumer

EUR/MWh, all-in

Grid carbon

667

gCO₂e/kWh

Renewables

of generation

regulated market

Power market

Import dependence

Market model

Vertically integrated state monopoly

Direct PPA

None

grid access: closed

Reserve margin

Regulator

Not independent

Ministry oversight (no independent regulator)

Expensive imported-fuel (diesel and heavy fuel oil) generation on a single fragile 150 kV spine, so Timor pays world fuel prices to run an oversized thermal fleet with no interconnection and no domestic substitute yet…

Power markets: full layer →

Demographics

UN World Population Prospects 2024 · medium variant

ASEAN demographics →

Median age

21.3

→ 31.2 by 2050

Fertility

2.63

above replacement

Working-age

61.1%

aged 15–64

Old-age dep.

8.6

→ 10 by 2050

Median age 1990–2050

Population 1.4M · peaks 2076

By 2050: +35% (1.89M)