EU member state. Compliance scores reflect the regulatory advantages of EU single market membership and are not directly comparable to non-EU sourcing countries.
Europe
Spain
EU Compliance · Geopolitical Risk · Sourcing Attractiveness · Intra-EU Risk
Why these scores
EU Compliance, by dimension
1 = lowest risk · methodology & sources
Geopolitical Risk, by dimension
1 = lowest risk · methodology & sources
Attractiveness, by dimension
9 = most attractive · methodology & sources
Analyst scores, last reviewed June 2026; each dimension's sources and cadence are on its methodology page.
Data layers
Spain on the world stage
Total imports
$451.3bn
2024 annual
Total exports
$499.1bn
232 partners
#1 import source
China
8.3%
#1 export dest.
France
11.7%
2024 annual, UN Comtrade (HS TOTAL, all partners). Line colour: coverage (exports/imports per partner).
Intra-EU trade: Spain
EU imports from
€232.3bn
intra-EU flow
EU exports to
€264.5bn
intra-EU flow
Intra-EU rank
#9
by import value
EU trade balance
balanced or surplus
coverage 1.14
2025 annual totals, Eurostat COMEXT.
Electricity & grid
National sources · carbon from Ember
Industrial
108
EUR/MWh
Consumer
176
EUR/MWh, all-in
Grid carbon
146
gCO₂e/kWh
Renewables
57%
of generation
Wholesale 58 EUR/MWh · market market
Power market
● Transmission bottleneckMarket model
Liberalised wholesale market (OMIE)
Direct PPA
Allowed
grid access: open
Reserve margin
–
Regulator
Independent
CNMC (Comision Nacional de los Mercados y la Competencia)
The Iberian peninsula is partially islanded from the rest of Europe by limited Pyrenees interconnection (~5% of installed capacity), leading to solar and wind curtailment during high-output hours. The Iberian Exception…
Tracked infrastructure
93 gas plants
26.9 GW
6 coal plants
2.1 GW
950 wind farms
28.3 GW · 93 building
383 solar farms
22.9 GW · 71 building
7 nuclear plants
7.4 GW
55 hydro plants
13.4 GW · 1 building
2 steel plants
1,200 ktpa
1 coal mines
capacity n/a
Operating assets tracked by Global Energy Monitor (CC BY 4.0); counts are tracked facilities, not exhaustive totals. Energy overview →
Metal mining
Tagged mines
195
2 production-backed
Acid-drainage prone
86
high water-risk ore class
Main commodities
Iron, Zinc, Copper
Mine-water verifiability
Independent ambient only
river-basin authority chemistry (downloadable) + national…
Water risk is inferred from the ore class, not site measurements. Global mines: full layer →
Intra-EU sourcing risk
EU · 1 = lowest riskMonitored ports (34)
Source: IMF PortWatch. Port count reflects monitoring coverage, not economic significance.
Demographics
UN World Population Prospects 2024 · medium variant
Median age
45.4
→ 51.8 by 2050
Fertility
1.22
below replacement
Working-age
65.9%
aged 15–64
Old-age dep.
32.1
→ 68.8 by 2050
Median age 1990–2050
Population 47.9M · peaks 2024
By 2050: -6% (44.9M)