Latest brief
Automation against the demographic clock
The capstone of the ASEAN demographics series. The region is ageing faster, and at a fraction of the income, that Japan, Korea or China had when they aged. Its growth still runs on capital and labour, not productivity. Whether ASEAN can automate and lift output per worker before the workforce shrinks, and the power, skills and capital that gate it, is the question that decides the next two decades.


